Publication Date: 5/1/75
    Pages: 6
    Date Entered: 2/22/84
    Title: COMMUNICATION WITH TRANSPORT VEHICLES (6/74)
    Revision 1
    May 1975
    U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
    REGULATORY GUIDE
    OFFICE OF STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
    REGULATORY GUIDE 5.32
    COMMUNICATION WITH TRANSPORT VEHICLES
A. INTRODUCTION
    Paragraphs 73.31(b) and 73.33(a) of 10 CFR Part 73, "Physical
    Protection of Plants and Materials," require that road or rail vehicles
    transporting special nuclear material in quantities identified in
    paragraph 73.1(b)(2) be equipped with a radiotelephone in order that
    communication between the transport vehicle and a responsible licensee
    can be maintained. Paragraph 73.70(g) of 10 CFR Part 73 requires that
    certain information with regard to the shipment be recorded prior to the
    shipment. This includes the name of the carriers, major roads to be
    used, verification of communication equipment on board the transfer
    vehicle, names of individuals who are to communicate with the transport
    vehicle, and other information needed to comply with sections73.30
    through 73.36 of 10 CFR Part 73. This guide describes radiotelephone
    equipment and systems, and procedures for their use, that are acceptable
    to the NRC staff for complying with the Commission's regulations
    regarding radiotelephone communication in connection with road or rail
    shipments of special nuclear material. This revision reflects comments
    received from the public and other factors.
B. DISCUSSION
    Available Systems
    There are two radiotelephone systems that have a sufficient number
    of transmitter/receiver stations throughout the country to allow the
    placement of long distance calls. These are the Bell System Mobile
    Telephone system and the Radio Common Carrier system (RCC). The Bell
    system uses three different carrier frequencies [(35, 43), (152, 158),
    and (454, 459) MHz], and the RCC uses two different carriers [(152, 158)
    and (454, 459) MHz]. The vehicle receives long distance calls on the
    lower carrier frequency in each group, i.e., 35, 152, and 454 MHz, and
    transmits on the higher frequencies, i.e., 43, 158, and 459 MHz. The
    available channels, which are individual circuits around a particular
    carrier frequency, for each system are shown in Table I.
    (Due to database constraints, Tables I and II are not included. Please
    contact LIS to obtain a copy.) The (152, 158) MHz carrier is the most popular throughout the
    country for both Bell and RCC; the approximate number of cities served
    by each carrier is shown in Table II.
    Methods of Obtaining Service
    There are two ways to obtain radiotelephone service. One is to
    rent the mobile equipment from the Bell System or the Radio Common
    Carrier (rental will include telephone service and repairs), and the
    other is to buy the mobile equipment directly from manufacturers and
    then rent telephone service from either of these systems. Application
    for equipment rental or telephone service could be made to a local Bell
    or RCC system company where a licensee or carrier would have most need
    of the service.
    If purchased equipment is to be operated on the Bell System, a
    license will be required from the Federal Communications Commission
    (FCC). Purchased equipment operating on the RCC system may not require
    an FCC license. Maintenance of the equipment is provided when it is
    leased from the Bell or RCC systems. Purchased equipment must be
    serviced by licensed operators, as required by FCC regulation 47 CFR
    21.207(e), "Transmitter Measurements."
    There are several categories that define the priority for
    obtaining service. These are described in FCC regulation 47 CFR 21.512,
    "Priorities for service to subscribers."
    System Aspects
    There are several types of service and equipment that can be
    obtained. The service available is dependent on the area. The
    equipment that can be ordered depends on whether local or nationwide
    service is desired. In general, the types of service available are:
1. Manual service with access to an operator.
2. Two-way dial with automatic channel selection and access to an
    operator (also known as Improved Mobile Telephone Service, IMTS).
3. Two-way dial service with access to an operator.
4. Two-way dial service without access to an operator.
    The most inclusive service afforded is that of two-way dial with
    automatic channel selection and access to an operator (IMTS). This
    service is available on the (152, 158) MHz and (454, 459) MHz carriers
    only. There are at least two varieties of radiotelephone equipment that
    can be applied to this service. In one type of radiotelephone operating
    on the (152, 158) MHz carrier, all eleven channels in the United States
    are available through the selection of pushbuttons on the telephone.
    Additionally, three other pushbuttons, Home, Roam, and Manual, are
    available. When a vehicle is in the Home area, the Home pushbutton is
    depressed and the Home area channels will be selected automatically.
    When a vehicle is outside the Home area, the channels for the particular
    area must be selected by depressing the channel pushbuttons, as well as
    the Roam button. The radiotelephone will now automatically select
    available channels in that area. Another type of radiotelephone
    operates on the (454, 459) MHz carrier and can automatically select
    channels in a local area only; it does not have a feature that permits
    selection of other channels, but could operate in another area on an
    IMTS mode if the channels were the same as in the Home area.
    Other variations in the available equipment are nondialable phones
    (used only for manual service) and simplex or duplex operation. Simplex
    operation means that the telephone cannot transmit and receive
    information simultaneously. That is, while a person talks, he will not
    be able to hear a response from the other party. To hear the other
    party, he must stop talking and release a button on the telephone.
    Duplex operation allows the transmission and receipt of information
    simultaneously as in normal telephone service.
    Preplanning
    Radiotelephone call-in times can be preplanned in advance of the
    shipment by using a booklet issued by the American Telephone and
    Telegraph Co. entitled "National Mobile Telephone Service Area Listing"
    or a booklet issued by the Radio Common Carrier entitled "Nationwide
    Service Directory" in conjunction with the route maps to be used with
    the shipment. The area covered by each base station can be put on the
    route maps and radiotelephone call-in times not to exceed 2 hours
    determined. When a radiotelephone call cannot be planned to occur
    within a 2-hour period, conventional telephone call-in location and time
    should be determined. This can initially be determined by locating
    cities, towns, or populated commercial areas along the route. The
    conventional call can be preplanned to occur at an approximate time
    (planned not to exceed 2 hours) from one of these areas. As experience
    is gained with particular routes, conventional telephone calls can be
    planned with greater precision. The drivers can note specific
    telephones or areas where telephones are available along the route for
    future conventional telephone call-in planning.
    Communication Procedures
    A radiotelephone conversation can be overheard by anyone having a
    radiotelephone set with the same carrier frequency and channels. It is
    therefore necessary to disguise the position of the shipment and the
    routes to be taken. One method for accomplishing this is the use of a
    transparent nonfoldable grid overlay on a standard road atlas. This
    grid can consist of one-half-inch squares with the horizontal axis
    labeled with letters and the vertical axis labeled with numbers. A
    typical overlay is shown in Figure 1 and is about 10.5 inches by 14
    inches in overall dimensions. The road atlas chosen should have a scale
    of one inch equals 3 miles or less. The resolution of a one-half-inch
    square on the overlay would then be about 1.5 miles.
    With a scale of one inch equals 3 miles, it may be necessary to
    use several roadmaps to cover a shipment.
    (Due to database constraints, Figures I and II are not included. Please
    contact LIS to obtain a copy.)A typical procedure that could be followed under these conditions is as
    follows:
1. Each map is assigned a number.
2. In order to position the grid with respect to the map, reference
    points are selected on the map. The grid is placed over the map, and
    distinct intersections or other identifiable landmarks are selected and
    given grid coordinates. These should be placed directly on the map as
    shown in Figure 2 with a relatively fine black marker type pen.
3. The driver could use the following procedure to telephone his
    position:
    a. Select the map which includes his position.
    b. Locate his position between two reference points on the map
    and place the appropriate coordinates over the reference points.
    Telephone the position as map number, reference points, and actual
    coordinates.
4. Duplicate sets of maps should be made by the licensee or his agent
    prior to the shipment; copies should be given only to the drivers and
    escorts (when they are used) and the individuals responsible for
    maintaining telephone communication with the shipment.
    Another method that can be used to disguise the position of the
    shipment is known as the "checkpoint" system. This approach, applicable
    to preplanned routes, uses landmarks as checkpoints. The landmarks are
    typically all towns, cities, villages, state lines, and major highway
    intersections along the preplanned route. The landmarks are identified
    by a symbol (number or alphabetical character) on a single strip map
    carried along with the shipment. The driver, in reporting his position,
    relates only the symbol applicable to his position, or "x" number of
    miles from a landmark. Mileages between landmarks and those locations
    where commercial telephones are available on the strip maps may also be
    included. Personnel controlling the shipment should have a
    corresponding strip map and plot the progress and locations of the
    shipment.
    A third method of disguising the movement of a shipment is through
    the use of a telephone voice scrambler. This device, when placed in
    front of a telephone, will "scramble" the message over the communication
    link and will produce unintelligible sounds at the other end of the
    circuit unless a companion device that is matched to the sending device
    is also available in front of the telephone at the other end. Telephone
    voice scramblers are therefore available in coded pairs and can be made
    available in matched sets of more than two units to handle conference
    calls or calls from a vehicle to different locations.
C. REGULATORY POSITION
1. Systems Aspects
    The system that provides the most radiotelephone coverage along
    the route of the shipment should be selected. After a system has been
    selected (i.e., Bell or RCC) the radiotelephone selected should have all
    available channels for the carrier chosen. As a minimum, the (*)
    telephone should have, where available, two-way dial service with access
    to an operator.
2. Preplanning
    The licensee should preplan the shipment route if he is going to
    make the shipment; otherwise, he should obtain a preplanned route from
    the carrier. Routes should be preplanned to use as much radiotelephone
    coverage as possible. The requirement that transit times be minimized
    (paragraph 73.30(b)) should be observed; however, making radiotelephone
    calls is the more desirable feature, and transit times could be somewhat
    increased to accommodate good radiotelephone coverage. Since all
    radiotelephone stations may not accept calls from a number that is not
    in the local directory, calls to each radiotelephone area selected
    should be made to ensure that the operators will accept outside calls.
    Where radiotelephone coverage is not available without extensive
    rerouting and where conventional telephones are available along the
    route, conventional telephone calls every two hours should be
    preplanned.
    The licensee or agent responsible for communications liaison with
    the shipment should be predesignated before a shipment is made. A
    continuously manned telephone with an unlisted number should be provided
    at the licensee's or agent's facility. This telephone should not be
    used for any other calls while a shipment is in progress.
    Appropriate local law enforcement authorities (LLEA) such as the
    Head of the State Police, the State Safety Director, or the local State
    police barracks, should be contacted in advance of a shipment to ensure
    that recovery procedures will be followed and that adequate response
    forces will be available along the route. Once initial contact has been
    made, it is not necessary to reestablish contact for subsequent
    shipments through the same jurisdiction except that procedures should be
    reaffirmed at least annually. the telephone number of the LLEA along
    the preplanned route of the shipment who will be called in case of an
    emergency or failure of the transport vehicle to call in should be given
    to the vehicle crew and the persons responsible for maintaining
    communications with the vehicle crew.
3. Communication Procedures
    The checkpoint or voice scrambler is preferred to the grid method
    for concealing the position of a vehicle. The grid may offer some
    operational problem in a moving vehicle. All three methods, however,
    are considered acceptable for concealing the position of a vehicle. When
    a scrambler is used, some method of obtaining an accuracy equivalent to
    that of the grid or checkpoint system should be developed. Maps
    containing the routes to be used as part of the grid or checkpoint
    systems should be assembled and distributed to the vehicle crew and to
    individuals who will be responsible for maintaining communication with
    the shipment.
    ----------
    (*) Lines indicate substantive changes from previous issue.
    ----------
    The vehicle crew should update their position at least every
    fifteen minutes so they could communicate their location in case of
    emergency. Procedures for obtaining telephone channels when all are
    busy and an emergency exists should be understood and practiced by the
    vehicle crew.
    In cases where a radiotelephone call has been planned and cannot
    be made because of overcrowded channels, atmospheric interference, or
    other reason, the vehicle personnel should continue attempts to complete
    the radiotelephone call and should also plan to make a conventional
    telephone call as soon as possible. The licensee monitoring call-ins
    should contact the LLEA where the vehicle is last reported, the LLEA
    where the vehicle is supposed to be, and all intermediate LLEAs within
    30 minutes after the scheduled call-in time if communications with the
    vehicle have not been established. The NRC regional office of the
    licensee monitoring communications and the NRC regional office for the
    region in which the vehicle was last reported should also be notified.
D. IMPLEMENTATION
    The purpose of this section is to provide information to
    applicants and licensees regarding the NRC staff's plans for utilizing
    this regulatory guide.
    This guide reflects current regulatory practice. Therefore, except
    in those cases in which the applicant proposes an acceptable alternative
    method for complying with specified portions of the Commission's
    regulations, this guide will be used by the staff in evaluating the
    materials and plant protection portion of license applications, licensee
    security plans, or other documents pertaining to materials and plant
    protection submitted to the NRC on or after the issuance date of this
    guide.
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